diff --git a/src/Meezi.Core/Authorization/Permission.cs b/src/Meezi.Core/Authorization/Permission.cs
index 4cd2b7e..37ac527 100644
--- a/src/Meezi.Core/Authorization/Permission.cs
+++ b/src/Meezi.Core/Authorization/Permission.cs
@@ -5,37 +5,135 @@ namespace Meezi.Core.Authorization;
 /// truth for authorization — controllers check a <see cref="Permission"/> rather
 /// than hard-coding role names, so the role→capability mapping lives in exactly
 /// one place (<see cref="RolePermissions"/>).
+///
+/// Granularity is "full CRUD per module + distinct sensitive actions": each page
+/// has a View capability, record modules split Create/Edit/Delete, and high-risk
+/// operations (void, refund, discount, comp, cash drawer, export) are their own
+/// permissions so an owner can grant day-to-day work without the dangerous bits.
+///
+/// Names are persisted (custom roles store them by name in JSON, and they ride in
+/// the JWT). Renaming or removing a value is a breaking change — add, don't rename.
 /// </summary>
 public enum Permission
 {
-    // Café-level administration (Owner only)
+    // ── Café administration (owner tier) ──────────────────────────────────────
+    ViewCafeSettings,
     ManageCafeSettings,
+    ManageDiscoverProfile,
+    ViewBilling,
     ManageBilling,
-    ManageBranches,
-
-    // Management (Owner + Manager)
-    ManageStaff,
-    ManageMenu,
-    ManageInventory,
-    ManageExpenses,
-    ManageTaxes,
-    ManageCoupons,
-    ManageReservations,
-    ManageTables,
-    ViewReports,
-    ReviewLeave,
-    ManageSalaries,
+    ViewBranches,
+    CreateBranch,
+    EditBranch,
+    DeleteBranch,
+    ManageRoles,
+    ViewPrintSettings,
     ManagePrintSettings,
 
-    // Front-of-house operations
+    // ── Taxes ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    ViewTaxes,
+    CreateTax,
+    EditTax,
+    DeleteTax,
+
+    // ── Staff & HR ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    ViewStaff,
+    CreateStaff,
+    EditStaff,
+    DeleteStaff,
+    /// <summary>Assign per-branch roles / org structure (distinct from editing a record).</summary>
+    ManageStaff,
+    ManageStaffCredentials,
+    ViewAttendance,
+    ManageAttendance,
+    ViewSchedules,
+    ManageSchedules,
+    ViewLeave,
+    ReviewLeave,
+    ViewSalaries,
+    ManageSalaries,
+
+    // ── Menu ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    ViewMenu,
+    CreateMenuItem,
+    EditMenuItem,
+    DeleteMenuItem,
+
+    // ── Inventory ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    ViewInventory,
+    CreateInventory,
+    EditInventory,
+    DeleteInventory,
+
+    // ── Tables ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    ViewTables,
+    ManageTables,
+
+    // ── Reservations ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    ViewReservations,
+    CreateReservation,
+    EditReservation,
+    DeleteReservation,
+
+    // ── Orders & POS ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    ViewOrders,
     ProcessOrders,
+    EditOrder,
+    VoidOrder,
+    RefundOrder,
+    ApplyDiscount,
+    CompOrder,
     HandlePayments,
+    UpdateOrderStatus,
+
+    // ── Register / cash ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
     OperateRegister,
+    OpenCashDrawer,
+
+    // ── Queue ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    ViewQueue,
     ManageQueue,
 
-    // Kitchen
+    // ── Kitchen ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
     ViewKitchen,
+    ManageKitchenStations,
 
-    // Delivery
+    // ── Delivery ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    ViewDelivery,
     HandleDelivery,
+    AssignDelivery,
+
+    // ── Customers / CRM ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    ViewCustomers,
+    CreateCustomer,
+    EditCustomer,
+    DeleteCustomer,
+
+    // ── Coupons ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    ViewCoupons,
+    CreateCoupon,
+    EditCoupon,
+    DeleteCoupon,
+
+    // ── SMS / marketing ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    ViewSms,
+    SendSms,
+    ManageSmsSettings,
+
+    // ── Reviews ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    ViewReviews,
+    ManageReviews,
+
+    // ── Reports & finance ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    ViewReports,
+    ExportReports,
+    ViewAuditLog,
+    ViewFinancials,
+    ManageFinancials,
+
+    // ── Expenses ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    ViewExpenses,
+    CreateExpense,
+    EditExpense,
+    DeleteExpense,
 }
diff --git a/src/Meezi.Core/Authorization/RolePermissions.cs b/src/Meezi.Core/Authorization/RolePermissions.cs
index 9fc516d..dd98ed2 100644
--- a/src/Meezi.Core/Authorization/RolePermissions.cs
+++ b/src/Meezi.Core/Authorization/RolePermissions.cs
@@ -1,64 +1,66 @@
 using Meezi.Core.Enums;
+using static Meezi.Core.Authorization.Permission;
 
 namespace Meezi.Core.Authorization;
 
 /// <summary>
-/// The authoritative role→capability matrix. Change what a role can do here and
-/// every controller that calls <c>EnsurePermission</c> updates automatically.
+/// The authoritative role→capability matrix. Change what a base role can do here
+/// and every controller that calls <c>EnsurePermission</c> updates automatically.
+/// Owners customise further with custom roles (which override this matrix entirely).
 /// </summary>
 public static class RolePermissions
 {
+    /// <summary>Capabilities reserved to the Owner — the rest is the Manager baseline.</summary>
+    private static readonly HashSet<Permission> OwnerOnly = new()
+    {
+        ManageCafeSettings,
+        ManageDiscoverProfile,
+        ViewBilling,
+        ManageBilling,
+        CreateBranch,
+        EditBranch,
+        DeleteBranch,
+        ManageRoles,
+    };
+
     private static readonly IReadOnlyDictionary<EmployeeRole, HashSet<Permission>> Matrix =
         new Dictionary<EmployeeRole, HashSet<Permission>>
         {
             [EmployeeRole.Owner] = AllPermissions(),
 
-            [EmployeeRole.Manager] = new()
-            {
-                Permission.ManageStaff,
-                Permission.ManageMenu,
-                Permission.ManageInventory,
-                Permission.ManageExpenses,
-                Permission.ManageTaxes,
-                Permission.ManageCoupons,
-                Permission.ManageReservations,
-                Permission.ManageTables,
-                Permission.ViewReports,
-                Permission.ReviewLeave,
-                Permission.ManageSalaries,
-                Permission.ManagePrintSettings,
-                Permission.ProcessOrders,
-                Permission.HandlePayments,
-                Permission.OperateRegister,
-                Permission.ManageQueue,
-                Permission.ViewKitchen,
-                Permission.HandleDelivery,
-            },
+            // Manager runs the café day to day: everything except the owner-only
+            // governance (billing, branches, café identity, role definitions).
+            [EmployeeRole.Manager] = AllExcept(OwnerOnly),
 
             [EmployeeRole.Cashier] = new()
             {
-                Permission.ProcessOrders,
-                Permission.HandlePayments,
-                Permission.OperateRegister,
-                Permission.ManageQueue,
-                Permission.ManageReservations,
+                ViewOrders, ProcessOrders, EditOrder, HandlePayments, UpdateOrderStatus,
+                OperateRegister, OpenCashDrawer,
+                ViewQueue, ManageQueue,
+                ViewTables,
+                ViewReservations, CreateReservation, EditReservation,
+                ViewMenu,
+                ViewCustomers, CreateCustomer,
+                ViewCoupons,
             },
 
             [EmployeeRole.Waiter] = new()
             {
-                Permission.ProcessOrders,
-                Permission.ManageReservations,
-                Permission.ManageQueue,
+                ViewOrders, ProcessOrders, EditOrder, UpdateOrderStatus,
+                ViewTables,
+                ViewMenu,
+                ViewReservations, CreateReservation, EditReservation,
+                ViewQueue, ManageQueue,
             },
 
             [EmployeeRole.Chef] = new()
             {
-                Permission.ViewKitchen,
+                ViewKitchen, UpdateOrderStatus, ViewOrders, ViewMenu,
             },
 
             [EmployeeRole.Delivery] = new()
             {
-                Permission.HandleDelivery,
+                ViewDelivery, HandleDelivery, ViewOrders,
             },
         };
 
@@ -73,4 +75,7 @@ public static class RolePermissions
 
     private static HashSet<Permission> AllPermissions() =>
         new(Enum.GetValues<Permission>());
+
+    private static HashSet<Permission> AllExcept(HashSet<Permission> excluded) =>
+        new(Enum.GetValues<Permission>().Where(p => !excluded.Contains(p)));
 }